Evas life Essay Example

Evas life Essay Example Evas life Essay Evas life Essay When Mr Birling makes his speech just prior to the arrival of the Inspector, where he gives advice to Eric and Gerald, he makes several points that Priestley himself disagrees with such as a man should look after himself and his family only. Priestley uses the Inspector as a medium to make a point to both the Birling family and the audience that we shouldnt all Look out for out own which is how Mr Birling describes it. According to Mr Birling every man should put himself first, even before his family. This is shown when he says A man should look out for himself, and his family if he has one, this shows just how full of self-importance and pompous he actually is. The timing of the Inspector is immediately after Mr Birling had made his speech. Priestley is trying to make Mr Birling look stupid and wrong for making this speech and wants to prove that he is wrong. J.B Priestley believed a great deal in socialism and believed that many other people needed to be more caring about their community and the people in it. Priestley uses the character of the Inspector to convey his own thoughts, feelings and opinions concerning social issues. However, he also uses other characters particularly Mr Birling, to show the audience how cynical some people can be. Whilst the Inspector questions each family member the tension in the Birling house begins to increase greatly, the Inspector is pressuring the Birlings and Gerald to tell their story of how and when they met Eva Smith. At first they deny any knowledge of the girl, but as the play goes on the Inspector manages to show that they all helped to kill her, he did this by putting them on the spot, asking them questions that they could not answer and intimidating them. Mr Birling had her dismissed from his factory for demanding a small increase in wages; Sheila orders her to be dismissed from her job in a shop simply because of her pride; Gerald Croft keeps her as his mistress before leaving her suddenly; Eric also has an affair with the girl and steals money to keep her living; and Mrs Birling uses her influence at the Brumley Womens Charity Organisation to deny any help to Eva Smith when she needs it most, driving her to suicide. Therefore the presence of the Inspector causes an effect on the other characters, the way he speaks to them breaks the characters down and forces them to reveal the truth and be aware of their faults causing them to feel guilty and show the audience that the Inspector has more power over the Birlings at this point. The Inspector called himself Goole, which could be a pun on the word Ghoul which is often referred to as some kind of ghostly being. Towards the end of the play it becomes apparent to the audience that he isnt an actual Police Inspector. However, Priestley doesnt actually reveal who, or what the Inspector is, perhaps Priestleys aim was to leave this matter a complete mystery. This tactic could have been to ensure that his audience continue to think about the issues of socialism and this is something that he was desperate to have happen. The character of Eva Smith is a dramatic device in itself. Eva is different from everyone in this play. She shows the difference between the lower and upper classes. Her character attracts sympathy from the audience, each of the Birlings did something wrong to her to make the audience feel like this. Gerald and Eric just use her then never bother about her again. Mr Birling takes her job for granted and insisted she was to leave after asking for a well deserved pay rise. Mrs Birling doesnt care about her problems when she comes to talk to her about it, she refuses to help her. The character of Eva Smith shows that the lower class community were often better people that the higher class community. Priestley had made Eva Smith the complete opposite character to Mr Birling to clearly show whom is the better person. In conclusion I think that the whole family are to blame for the death of Eva Smith. They all had a hand in making Evas life a living hell. You could blame Gerald for breaking her heart or you could blame Mrs Birling for giving her the final push or you could even blame Eva herself for thinking there was no other alternatives. Priestley uses methods in this play that would leave his audience thinking for a long time after viewing the play. The way he used dramatic devices to convey his own message and opinions was an excellent way to get his audience thinking. He left open ends to whom the Inspector was, simply because he needed to get his message across and if he did this would leave then to think about the issues of socialism.

Definition and Examples of Periphrastic Constructions

Definition and Examples of Periphrastic Constructions In English  grammar, a periphrastic construction  is one in which an independent word or multi-word expression has the same role as an inflection, such as the use of the auxiliary will with another verb to form the future tense. Periphrasis in the grammatical sense is a back-formation from the adjective periphrastic. For the rhetorical and stylistic sense of the term, see periphrasis (rhetoric). Examples and Observations A tense is inflectional if it is realized as an affix on a head (in English, a verb), periphrastic if it is realized as an independent word. Thus the English past is inflectional, but the future is periphrastic, co-opting the modal will.​  (Jeremy Butterfield, The Arguments of Time. Oxford University Press, 2006)The roots of the periphrastic forms for the future, perfect, and pluperfect can be found as early as Old English. These were established in Middle English, although the simple present and preterite forms were still possible in some contexts in which Present-Day English would use periphrastic constructions.  (Matti Rissanen, Syntax, Cambridge History of the English Language, Vol. 3, ed. by Roger Lass. Cambridge University Press, 2000) Comparison of Adjectives: Inflected and Periphrastic Patterns There are two patterns of comparison of adjectives, the inflected and the periphrastic. The inflected pattern adds -er to the positive degree: small becomes smaller, happy becomes happier. To form the superlative degree, it adds -est: smallest, happiest. The periphrastic pattern uses the adverbial intensifiers more and most: the comparatives of beautiful and ostentatious are more beautiful and more ostentatious; the superlatives are most beautiful and most ostentatious. The generalizations that seem to account for whether we choose the inflected pattern or the periphrastic are these: (1) most one- and two-syllable adjectives use the inflected pattern; (2) adjectives of three and more syllables almost always use the periphrastic; (3) the higher the frequency of two-syllable adjectives, the more likely they are to inflect for comparison; (4) the periphrastic more and most may on occasion be used with any one-syllable or high-frequency two-syllable adjective, e.g., more dear, most happy .​  (Kenneth G. Wilson, The Columbia Guide to Standard American English. Columbia University Press, 1993) The Periphrastic Possessive To attribute possessiveness to inanimate objects we generally use the periphrastic possessive, that is a prepositional phrase (beginning with a preposition and followed by a noun). For the inanimate examples, we might expect the following:  (Bernard ODwyer, Modern English Structures: Form, Function, and Position. Broadview, 2006) The expense of getting wool down to the side of the ship would eat up the farmers profits.The director of the clinic made no bones about the underlying problem.After spending some months in a rather depressing Convalescent Home, I was given sick leave for a month. The Evolution of Periphrastic be going to We will describe a recent English change, the rise of periphrastic be going to ... In the periphrasis stage, a periphrastic construction is employed for a particular function. In the case of the English future, a combination of a motion verb (go) and a purpose clause (to infinitive) is employed for a future function. This stage is motivated most likely to avoid misunderstanding, although expressiveness is also sometimes invoked. . . . The construction be going to probably spread from the closely related meaning of a motion event undertaken with an intended future outcome (the purpose clause). In the fusion stage, the periphrastic construction becomes a fixed, distinct, independent construction employed specifically for the function in question. . . . This stage has clearly occurred with future be going to: it is fixed in the use of the specific verb go and the present progressive form. Finally, erosion occurs: as the construction becomes entrenched, it is phonologically and morpholo gically reduced . . .. The future be going to has commonly be reduced to the contracted form of be plus the reduced unit gonna.​  (William Croft, Evolutionary Models and Functional-Typological Theories. The Handbook of the History of English, ed. by Ans van Kemenade and Bettelou Los. Wiley-Blackwell, 2009) Pronunciation: per-eh-FRAS-tik